ABSTRACT
Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) disease COVID-19 (also known as 2019-nCoV) caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the end of 2019, it has spread rapidly in worldwide. Besides developing effective vaccines, it is urgent to develop safe and effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs to fight this disease. Paxlovid, molnupiravir, sotrovimab and bebtelovimab are urgently authorized by FDA have been proved to be effective against Omicron. This manuscript mainly reviews the recent progress of effective inhibitors against the virus in the world, including receptor inhibitors, antibodies, natural product inhibitors, synthetic inhibitors and broad-spectrum antiviral drugs that are effective against other RNA viruses.
ABSTRACT
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread throughout China and many other countries around the world. The antivirals are important measures to this epidemic; however, there is no drug approved for against coronavirus yet. With the continuously rising number of confirmed/suspected cases of COVID-19, it is urgent to obtain antiviral drugs for the clinical treatment. In response to this situation, drug repurposing strategy becomes one of the best approaches for anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug discovery. By retrieving the clinical trials registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and ClinicalTrials.gov, a total of 14 chemical drugs were registered for COVID-19. In this review, we summarize and analyze the 14 drugs' indications, targets, and research basis related to the activities against viral infections, esp. coronavirus infections. We are making efforts to understand the evidence basis of these drugs for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection applied by various research and clinical institutions in response to this COVID-19 outbreak, and also providing clues for quick response to possible epidemic in future and reasonable expansion of the indications of drugs.